IVF and birth defects: separating fact from fear - Part 2

This evidence-based article explores the topic with the latest research as our guide.
The goal is to separate myth from fact and to help you understand what we actually know versus what remains uncertain.

What the Research Actually Shows

When we look at the scientific literature, several themes emerge:
1. Individual variation is enormous – what works perfectly for one patient might not work for another
2. Personalisation outperforms one-size-fits-all approaches – customised protocols have better outcomes
3. Ongoing support improves both medical and emotional outcomes – isolated patients have worse results

Separating Myth from Fact

Myth 1: "IVF is one-size-fits-all"
Fact: Modern fertility medicine is about personalisation. Protocols are customised based on your age, ovarian
reserve, previous response (if applicable), and medical history.

Myth 2: "More eggs always means better outcomes"
Fact: Egg quality matters far more than quantity. A 35-year-old with 10 high-quality eggs often has better
success than a 42-year-old with 25 eggs.

Myth 3: "Success rates are the same everywhere"
Fact: Success rates vary significantly based on clinic protocols, embryologist skill, and patient demographics. Always ask for rates specific to your age and diagnosis—not industry averages.

Current Evidence on Outcomes

Based on 2024–2025 research and clinical data:
• Frozen embryo transfer outcomes are comparable to fresh transfer (sometimes slightly better)
• Blastocyst-stage transfer (day 5) has higher implantation rates than day-3 transfer
• AI embryo scoring improves selection accuracy without replacing human embryologist judgment
• Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT-A) significantly improves outcomes for older patients (40+)
• Lifestyle factors (sleep, stress reduction, nutrition) support but don't determine outcomes

At Ankuran Pluro, we apply these evidence-based insights to every cycle.

What Remains Uncertain

Science is honest about its limits. We still don't fully understand:
• Why some embryos implant and others don't
• The precise role of uterine microbiota in implantation
• Optimal supplementation protocols (many are based on reasonable theory, not definitive data)
• Long-term health outcomes of children born via IVF (so far, evidence suggests they're healthy)

That uncertainty is why we emphasise personalisation over dogma. Your doctor should explain what's evidence-based
versus what's a reasonable working hypothesis.

What This Means for Your Treatment

1. Ask Why, Not Just What
When your doctor recommends a specific protocol, ask them to explain the evidence behind it.
If they can't articulate it, that's a red flag.

2. Discuss Your Personal Risk Factors
Age isn't the only factor. Your medical history, lifestyle, and stress levels all matter.
A clinic that considers these is operating from an evidence-based perspective.

3. Understand What's Standard vs. Experimental
Standard protocols have strong evidence behind them. Newer approaches (even if they sound promising)
may not yet have the data to support them. Ask about the evidence.

4. Plan for Multiple Cycles If Needed
Success often requires adjustment and persistence. One cycle rarely gives you enough data to optimise.
Studies show that success rates improve significantly with subsequent cycles (as protocols are refined).

Evidence-Based Questions

Q: Should I get PGT-A testing?

If you're over 38 or have a history of miscarriage, PGT-A significantly improves outcomes. Under 35 with no miscarriage history, the benefit is less clear. Discuss with your doctor.

Q: Is fresh or frozen transfer better?

Outcomes are similar now. Frozen transfer is often preferred because it allows time for optimal uterine preparation and avoids stimulation-related stress on the uterus.

Q: Do supplements improve fertility?

Some (CoQ10, inositol) have reasonable evidence. Most don't. Check with your clinic before starting anything, as timing and interactions matter.